PERM UNIVERSITY HERALD. SERIES “PHILOSOPHY. PSYCHOLOGY. SOCIOLOGY”

VESTNIK PERMSKOGO UNIVERSITETA. SERIYA FILOSOFIA PSIKHOLOGIYA SOTSIOLOGIYA

DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2018-3-474-483

International labor migration in the Perm region: problems and perspectives*

Olga I. Borodkina
Doctor of Sociology, Docent,
Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Social Work

Saint-Petersburg State University,
7–9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia;
e-mail: o.borodkina@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0002-0936-5757

Ekaterina G. Luzyanina
Researcher

Saint-Petersburg State University,
7–9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia;
e-mail: Apelkate@mail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-9841-1478

Alexander Yu. Vnutskih
Doctor of Philosophy, Docent

Professor of the Department of Philosophy,
Perm State University,
15, Bukirev str., Perm, 614990, Russia;

Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Law,
Perm National Research Polytechnic University,
29, Komsomolskiy av., Perm, 614990, Russia;

e-mail: avnut@inbox.ru
ORCID: 0000-0003-4162-1033

The article discusses the contemporary situation with international labor migration in the Perm region (Perm Krai). Though the international migration does not take a leading place in the migration processes in this region, it still has significant influence on the formation of the labor market. The paper analyzes data related to migration flows in the Perm region, as well as the results of focus groups with migrants from the CIS countries held in Perm as part of the project «Social risks of international youth migration in contemporary Russia». Among the participants of focus groups were citizens of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan. The results have revealed the main problems faced by foreign labor migrants. The most difficult problems were related with obtaining a labor patent (short deadlines and high costs), residence permit, unwillingness of employers to enter into an official labor contract with migrants, limited access to medical services, language barriers. At the same time, in the Perm region there is organized labor migration, making the process of receiving the required documents much easier; in such cases the employer is a large company, and all formal issues are resolved with the participation of intermediaries without any difficulties. The results of the study also show that Perm has a fairly successful experience of migrants social integration, in particular, there is a municipal program «Strengthening interethnic and interdenominational concord in Perm». The development of international labor migration should not only take into account economic factors but also should be supported by measures to integrate migrants, which involves effective and constructive interaction of self-government bodies and NGOs, including national public organizations, and state bodies.

Keywords: international migration, labor migrants, Perm region, labor patent, social integration of migrants.

References

Antipina, O.Yu. (2011). Institutsionalnye ramki osuschestvleniya regionalnoy migratsionnoy politiki [Institutional framework for the implementation of regional migration policy]. Sovremennye Tendentsii V Ekonomike I Upravlenii: Novyy Vzglyad [Modern Tendencies in Economics and Management: New Opinion]. No. 11–1, pp. 174–180.

Bilan, Yu.V. and Chabelkova, I. (2015). Interdistsiplinarnyy podkhod k issledovaniyu migratsionnykh protsessov [Interdisciplinary approach to migration studies]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 9, pp. 70–74.

Borodkina, O.I., Sokolov, N.V. and Tavrovsky, A.V. (2017). Sotsialnye riski mezhdunarodnoy migratsii v Rossiyu [Social Risks of International Immigration into Russia.]. Ekonomicheskie i sotsialnye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. No. 10(3), pp. 114–133. DOI: 10.15838/esc/2017.3.51.6.

Chekmeneva, L.Yu. and Balina, T.A. (2017). Migratsionnye protsessy kak faktor formirovaniya sovremennogo demograficheskogo potentsiala Permskogo kraya [Migration processes as a factor in the formation of the modern demographic potential of the Perm region]. Industrialnaya tsivilizatsiya: proshloe ili buduschee Rossii? Materialy III Permskogo kongressa uchenykh-ekonomistov [Industrial civilization: the past or the future of Russia? Proceedings of the III Congress of the Perm scientists-economists]. Perm, vol. 2, pp. 89–92.

Demintseva, E.B., Mktrachyan, N.V. and Florinskaya, Yu.F. (2018). Migratsionnaya politika: diagnostika, vyzovy, predlozheniya [Migration policy: diagnostics, challenges, suggestions]. Moscow: Center for Strategic Research Publ., 55 p.

Informatsiya o peresmotre dinamicheskogo ryada. Federalnaya sluzhba gosudarstvennoy statistiki [Information on the revision of the dynamic series. Federal state statistics service]. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/accounts/ (accessed 30.01.2018).

Mukomel, V.I. (2017). Migranty na rossiyskom rynke truda: zanyatost, mobilnost, intensivnost i oplata truda [Migrants In the Russian labor market: employment, mobility, intensity and remuneration].Statistika i Ekonomika [Statistics and Economy]. No. 6. pp. 69–79. DOI:10.21686/2500-3925-2017-6-69-79.

Mukomel, V.I. (2017). Migranty na rossiyskom rynke truda: adaptatsiya, integratsiya, diskriminatsiya [Migrants In the Russian labor market: adaptation, integration, discrimination]. Trudovaya migratsiya na postsovetskom prostranstve: trendy, problemy, vozmozhnosti regulirovaniya [Labor migration in the post-Soviet space: trends, problems, regulatory opportunities]. Ufa: Mir pechati Publ., pp. 18–35.

National accounts / Federal State Statistics Service. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/accounts/ (accessed 29.07.2018).

O sovete [About the Council]. Information portal of the Perm city. Available at: http://etnokonf.gorodperm.ru/about-council (accessed 30.01.2018).

Permskiy kray v tsifrakh. 2017: Kratkiy statisticheskiy sbornik (2017) [Perm region in numbers. 2017: Summary of statistical proceedings]. Perm, Permstat Publ., 180 p.

Poletaev, D.V. (2017). Zhenskaya trudovaya migratsiya iz Tsentralnoy Azii v Rossiyu (na primere Tadzhikistana i Kyrgyzstana) [Female labour migration from Central Asia to Russia (on the example of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan)]. Demografiya. Sotsiologiya. Ekonomika [Demography. Sociology. Economics]. RAS Institute of Socio-Political Studies, Centre of social demography. Vol. 3, no. 1. pp. 34–55.

Rasporyazhenie Pravitelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 22.11.2017 № 2581-r «Ob ustanovlenii kvoty na vydachu inostrannym grazhdanam i litsam bez grazhdanstva razresheniy na vremennoe prozhivanie v Rossiyskoy Federatsii na 2018 god» [On setting limitation for foreign citizens and persons without citizenship to temporary permission for living on the territory of RF]. Sobranie zakonodatelstva RF. 2017 [Summary of Russian Federation Laws for 2017]. No. 49, art. 7279.

Remizov, M.V. (2015). Needinaya Rossiya. Doklady po etnopolitiki [Non-United Russia. Reports on ethnic policy]. Moscow, Knizhnyy mir Publ., 480 p.

Ryazantsev, S.V. and Skorobogatova, V.I. (2015). Inostrannye trudovye migranty na rossiyskom rynke truda i novye podkhody k migratsionnoy politike [Foreign labor migrants on the Russian labor market and new approaches to migration policy]. Ekonomicheskaya politika [Economic policy]. No. 4, pp. 21–29.

Srednyaya zarplata v Permi v 2017 godu [Average salary in Perm in 2017]. Available at: https://bankiros.ru/wiki/term/srednaa-zarplata-v-permi (accessed 30.01.2018).

Stanishevskaya, S.P. and Yakupova, I.N. (2015). Analiz migratsionnykh potokov v Permskom krae v usloviyakh asimmetrichnosti informatsii [The analysis of migration flows in the Perm region in the conditions of information asymmetry]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Seriya :Ekonomika [Perm University Herald. Economy]. No. 2(25). pp. 127–134.

Received 01.08.2018

For citation:

Borodkina O.I., Luzyanina E.G., Vnutskih A.Yu. International labor migration in the Perm region: problems and perspectives // Perm University Herald. Series «Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology». 2018. Iss. 3. P. 474–483. DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2018-3-474-483

 

* Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект №16-18-10092) в Санкт-Петербургском университете.