ВЕСТНИК ПЕРМСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. ФИЛОСОФИЯ. ПСИХОЛОГИЯ. СОЦИОЛОГИЯ

VESTNIK PERMSKOGO UNIVERSITETA. SERIYA FILOSOFIA PSIKHOLOGIYA SOTSIOLOGIYA

DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2018-4-604-612

Social risks of including international labour migrants in the host community*

Ekaterina G. Luzyanina
Researcher

Saint-Petersburg State University,
7–9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia;
e-mail: Apelkate@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-1478

Olga I. Borodkina
Doctor of Sociology, Docent,
Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Social Work

Saint-Petersburg State University,
7–9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia;
e-mail: o.borodkina@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0936-5757

International migration is a complex socio-economic process that affects all areas of the society. Russia belongs to the group of world leaders in the number of international immigrants. Most of the labor migrants arrive in Russia from the CIS countries; and in varying degrees, each of them has to face problems of inclusion in the host society. In this article, the process of integration of international immigrants is discussed primarily from the perspective of obtaining and changing their legal status. The analysis of regulatory legal acts, as well as the results of expert interviews conducted with managers and specialists of non-governmental organizations working with migrants, revealed the main barriers for the inclusion of migrants in the host community, as well as the necessary conditions for the successful integration of migrant workers. According to experts, many international migrants are forced to be outside the legal field; one of the reasons is the underdeveloped infrastructure of social institutions that provide services for migrants at all stages of their integration, starting with obtaining the documents necessary for staying in Russia. Moreover, even legal migrants regularly face violations of their labor rights (the absence of an employment contract, pay discrimination, exploitation), which also make difficulties to their inclusion in the host society. The Russian migration policy is focused on the integration and adaptation of international migrants, but this process can be effective only when based on interaction of state structures, local governments, employers, representatives of diasporas, and non-profit organizations.

Keywords: international migration, labor migrant, integration, adaptation, legal status, community.

References

Borodkina, O.I., Luzyanina, E.G. and Vnutskih, A.Yu. (2018). Mezhdunarodnaya trudovaya migratsiya v Permskom krae: problemy i perspektivy [International labor migration in the Perm region: problems and perspectives]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Psihologiya. Sociologiya [Perm University Herald Series «Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology»]. Iss. 3, pp. 474–483. DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2018-3-474-483.

Borodkina, O.I., Samojlova, V.A. and Kallunki, V. (2013). Problemy socialnogo isklyucheniya/vklyucheniya molodezhi (na materiale sotsiologicheskogo issledovaniya v Sankt-Peterburge i Leningradskoy oblasti) [Problems of social exclusion/inclusion of youth (by the material of sociological research in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region)]. Zhurnal sotsiologii i socialnoy antropologii [The Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology]. Vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 100–110.

Borodkina, O.I., Sokolov, N.V. and Tavrovskiy, A.V (ed.). (2017). Mezhdunarodnaya migratsiya v Sankt-Peterburge: migratsionnaya politika i obschestvennoe mnenie. [The International Migration in Saint Petersburg: Migration Policy and Public Opinion]. St. Petersburg: Skifiya-Print Publ., 330 p.

Dmitriev, A.V. and Pyadukhov, G.A. (2013). Integratsiya trudovykh migrantov v megapolise: lokalnye modeli, kontekst identichnosti (metodologiya i metody issledovaniya) [Integration of migrant workers in the megalopolis: local models, identity context (methodology and research methods)]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 5, pp. 49–56.

Dmitriev, A.V. and Pyadukhov, G.A. (2011). Migranty i sotsium: integratsionniy i dezintegratsionniy potentsial praktik vzaimodeystviya [Migrants and society: integration and disintegration potential of interaction practices]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 12, pp. 50–60.

Drobızheva, L.M. (2017). Mezhnatsıonalnye (mezhetnıcheskıe) otnoshenıya v Rossıı v zerkale monıtorıngovykh oprosov FADN ı regıonalnykh ıssledovanıy [Interethnic (interethnic) relations in Russia in the mirror of monitoring surveys of the FADN and regional studies]. Vestnık Rossıyskoy natsıı [Bulletin of Russian nation]. No. 4(56), pp. 107–127.

Demografiya [Demography]. Federal State Statistics Service. Available at: URL: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/population/demography/# (accessed 20.10.2018).

Iontsev, V. and Ivakhnyuk, I. Modeli integratsii migrantov v sovremennoy Rossii. Nauchno-issledovatelskiy otchet KARIM-Vostok RR 2013/12 [Models of integration of migrants in modern Russia. Research Report CARIM- East RR 2013/12]. Available at: URL: http://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/27871/CARIM-East_RR-2013-12.pdf?sequence=1 (accessed 15.09. 2018).

«Kontseptsiya gosudarstvennoy migracionnoy politiki Rossiyskoy Federatsii na period do 2025 goda» (utv. Prezidentom RF) [The concept of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 (app. President of the Russian Federation)]. Available at: URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_131046/ (accessed 15.09.2018).

Malakhov, V. (2015). Integratsiya migrantov: Kontseptsii i praktiki [Integration of migrants: Concepts and practices]. Moscow: Fond Liberalnaya Missiya Publ., 267 p.

Mukomel’, V.I. (2013). Politika integratsii migrantov v Rossii: vyzovy, potentsial, riski [Migrant integration policy in Russia: challenges, potential, risks]. Russian international Affairs Council (RIAC), Moscow: Spetskniga Publ., 34 p.

Pozdorovkina, O. (ed.) (2011). Spravochnik po terminologii v oblasti migratsii (russko-angliskiy) [Reference book on migration terminology (Russian-English)]. Moscow: International Organization for Migration Publ., 166 p.

Remizov, M. (ed.) (2015). Needinaya Rossiya. Doklady po etnopolitike [Non-united Russia. Reports on ethnopolitics] Moscow: Knizhniy mir Publ., 480 p.

Romanenko, V.V. and Borodkina, O.I. (2018). Sotsialnaya napryazhennost i sotsialnye riski v kontekste mezhdunarodnoy trudovoy migratsii [Social tension and social risks in the context of international labor migration]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya. [Perm University Herald Series «Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology»]. Iss. 1, pp. 109–124. DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2018-1-109-124.

Ryazantsev, S.V. and Skorobogatova, V.I. (2013). Inostrannye trudovye migranty na rossiyskom rynke truda i novye podkhody k migratsionnoy politike [Foreing migrant workers at the Russian labor market and new approach tp migration policy]. Ekhonomicheskaya politika [Economic policy]. No. 4. pp. 21–29.

Shurupova, A.S. (2006). Adaptatsiya i prizhivaemost migrantov [Adaptation and survival of migrants]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 6, pp. 87–90.

Received 17.10.2018

For citation:

Luzyanina E.G., Borodkina O.I. Social risks of including international labour migrants in the host community // Perm University Herald. Series «Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology». 2018. Iss. 4. P. 604–612. DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2018-4-604-612

 

* Исследование проведено в рамках реализации проекта РНФ «Социальные риски молодежной международной миграции в современной России» (проект № 16-18-10092).