ВЕСТНИК ПЕРМСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. ФИЛОСОФИЯ. ПСИХОЛОГИЯ. СОЦИОЛОГИЯ

VESTNIK PERMSKOGO UNIVERSITETA. SERIYA FILOSOFIA PSIKHOLOGIYA SOTSIOLOGIYA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2020-3-384-394

Key notions and ideas of Martin Heidegger’s «history of being» concept

Maria B. Mitlyanskaya
Ph.D. Student of the Department of History of Foreign Philosophy

Lomonosov Moscow State University,
27/4, Lomonosovsky av., Moscow, 119991, Russia;
e-mail: divaeanor@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-5931

The paper explores Martin Heidegger’s concept of the «history of being». This concept was created in the philosopher’s late period. Critically analyzing the own paths of existential philosophy revealed in Being and Time, Heidegger gradually forms a spectrum of being-historical notions that will occupy a central position in contemplation after «the turn». The methods of analyzing the presence used before «the turn» create the appearance of an anthropological approach to the question of being, which becomes the main subject of the philosopher’s self-criticism. This, in particular, served as an originative impulse for the formation of the «history of being» concept. This article presents the key intentions of this concept. The author reveals these intentions in their natural interconnection, tracing the development trends from Black Notebooks to full-fledged volumes devoted to history of being. The questions asked in the renowned Heidegger’s opus magnum are revealed in a completely different plane, where the human presence (Dasein) is transformed into the foundation of the people’s essence, provided they are open to the call of being (Geschick). The author of the article does not share the opinion of researchers claiming that there are sufficient grounds to draw a hard line between Heidegger-1 and Heidegger-2, interpreting «the turn» as a sharp rejection by the philosopher of the results of his work before the 1930s. However, the being-historical layer requires new historical and philosophical interpretations: the professor’s forced release from the academic framework opened a new depth of his language and thought. Therefore, the key notions of the being-historical concept, necessary for acquaintance with it, have become the topic of this study. The hermeneutic and historical-genetic methods are the main ones applied in the study. The former, perfected by Martin Heidegger himself, is necessary in the interpretation of his texts, saturated with specific turns, original use of previously known terms, poetic allegories.

Keywords: evasion, event, being history, message of being, foundation, turn, gleam of being, source, truth, unconcealedness, hermeneutics of factuality, Heidegger.

References

Bibikhin, V.V. (2009). Ranniy Haydegger: Materialy k seminaru [Early Heidegger: Seminar materials]. Moscow: Institute of Philosophy, Theology and History of St. Thomas Publ., 536 p.

Falev, E.V (2014). Byl li Martin Khaydegger «Realistom»? (O nedavney polemike mezhdu K. Lafont i Kh. Dreyfusom [Was Martin Heidegger a «Realist»? On the controversy between C. Lafont and H. Dreyfus]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 7: Filosofiya [Moscow University Bulletin. Series 7. Philosophy]. No. 6, pp. 19–29.

Falev, E.V. (2014). Istoriya kak istolkovanie i istoriko-filosofskiy metod M. Khaydeggera [History as an interpretation and the historical and philosophical method of M. Heidegger]. Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A.S. Pushkina [Vestnik of Pushkin Leningrad State University]. Vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 30–39.

Gabriel, M. (2014). Is Heidegger’s «Turn» a realist project? META. Research in Hermeneutics, Phenomenology, and Practical Philosophy. Special issue: New Realism and Phenomenology, pp. 44–73.

Heidegger, M. (1997.) Bytie i vremya. Per. s nem. V.V. Bibikhina [Being and time. Trans. from Germ. by V.V. Bibikhin]. Moscow: Ad Marginem Publ., 452 p.

Heidegger, M. (1989). Gesamtausgabe. Bd. 65: Beitrage zur Philosophie (Vom Ereignis) [Complete edition. Vol. 65: Contributions to philosophy (from the event)]. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann Publ., 513 p.

Heidegger, M. (1997). Gesamtausgabe. Bd. 66: Besinnung [Complete edition. Vol. 66: Reflection]. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann Publ., 437 p.

Heidegger, M. (1998). Gesamtausgabe. Bd. 69: Das die Geschichte des Seyns [Complete edition. Vol. 69: The history of the Seyn]. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann Publ., 229 p.

Heidegger, M. (2005). Gesamtausgabe. Bd. 70: Über den Anfang [Complete edition. Vol. 70: About the beginning]. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann Publ., 201 p.

Heidegger, M. (2009). Gesamtausgabe. Bd. 71: Das Ereignis [Complete edition. Vol. 71: The event]. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann Publ., 347 p.

Heidegger, M. (2013). Gesamtausgabe. Bd. 73.1: Zum Ereignis-Denken [Complete edition. Vol. 73.1: Thinking about events]. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann Publ., 897 p.

Heidegger, M. (2016). Razmyshleniya II–VI (Chernye tetradi 1931–1938). Per. s nem. A.B. Grigor’yeva [Ponderings 2–6 (Black notebooks 1931–1938). Trans. from Germ. by A.B. Grigoriev]. Moscow: The Gaidar Institute Publ., 584 p.

Heidegger, M. (2018). Razmyshleniya VII–XI (Chernye tetradi 1938–1939). Per. s nem. A.B. Grigor’yeva [Ponderings 7–11 (Black notebooks 1938–1939). Trans. from Germ. by A.B. Grigoriev]. Moscow: The Gaidar Institute Publ., 526 p.

Heidegger, M. (2012). Tsollikonovskie seminary. Per. s nem. I. Glukhovoy [Zollikon seminars. Trans. from Germ. by I. Glukhova]. Vilnius: EHU Publ., 406 p.

Heidegger, M. (1993). Vremya i bytie: Stat’i i vystupleniya. Per. s nem. V.V. Bibikhina [Time and being: articles and speeches. Trans. from Germ. by V.V. Bibikhin]. Moscow: Respublika Publ., 447 p.

Husserl, E. (2004). Krizis evropeyskikh nauk i transtsendental’naya fenomenologiya [The crisis of European sciences and transcendental phenomenology]. Saint Petersburg: Vladimir Dal’ Publ., 400 p.

Koch, W. (2011). What Homer can teach us about Seynsgeschichte. Proceedings of the Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the Heidegger Circle. Milwaukee: Marquette University Publ., pp. 97–107.

Lin, Ma (2008). Heidegger on east-west dialogue: Anticipating the event. New York: Routledge., 272 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203927786

Mitlyanskaya, M.B. (2019). Ponimaniye istiny v Bytiynoy istorii M. Khaydeggera [Understanding of the truth in M. Heidegger’s seynsgeschichte]. Finikovyy Kompot [Date Palm Compote]. No. 14, pp. 116–124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/2587-9308-2019-00017

Peggeler, O. (2019). Novye puti s Khaydeggerom. Per. s nem. [New ways with Heidegger. Trans. from Germ.]. Moscow: Vladimir Dal’ Publ., 637 p.

 

Received 23.04.2020

For citation:

Mitlyanskaya M.B. [Key notions and ideas of Martin Heidegger’s «history of being» concept]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Filosofia. Psihologia. Sociologia [Perm University Herald. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology], 2020, issue 3, pp. 384–394 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2020-3-384-394